| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2022 | Volume
: 10
| Issue : 2 | Page : 125-130 |
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Clinical characteristics and outcome of candidemia: Experience from a tertiary referral center in Saudi Arabia
Hind Alhatmi1, Sarah Almansour1, Reem Abanamy1, Abdullah Akbar1, Mohammed Abalkhail1, Ahmad Alharbi2, Abdulrahman Alsaedy2, Ebrahim Mahmoud2, Bassam Alalwan3, Sameera AlJohani3, Omar S Aldibasi4, Mohammad Bosaeed2, Adel Alothman2
1 Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
2 Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs; College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
3 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
4 King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Correspondence Address:
Mohammad Bosaeed
Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426
Saudi Arabia
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/sjmms.sjmms_625_21
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Background: Candida bloodstream infections cause significant excess morbidity and mortality in the health-care setting. There is limited evidence regarding Candida species causing invasive infections in Saudi Arabia.
Objective: To identify Candida species causing bloodstream infection and determine the clinical outcome and factors associated with mortality in a tertiary center in Saudi Arabia.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included all cases of positive blood culture for Candida in patients admitted to King Abdulaziz Medical City, a tertiary care center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between January 1, 2013 and June 30, 2019.
Results: A total of 532 patients with candidemia were identified (male: 55.4%; mean age: 54 ± 26.2 years). The most common Candida species isolated was Candida albicans (26.7%), followed by Candida glabrata (22.7%), Candida parapsilosis (22.2%), and Candida tropicalis (18.4%). Non-albicans candidemia was more common in patients with diabetes (76.7%; P = 0.0560), neutropenia (89.8%; P = 0.0062), recent exposure to fluconazole (85.7%; P = 0.0394), and active chemotherapy (83.1%; P = 0.0128). In non-albicans, susceptibility to fluconazole varied from 95.9% with C. tropicalis to 41.5% with C. parapsilosis; nonetheless, all species were highly susceptible to echinocandins. The overall 30- and 90-day mortality rates were 39.9% and 56.4%, respectively. The mortality rate was nonsignificantly higher with non-albicans species at 30 days (41.2% vs. 35.9%; P = 0.2634) and 90 days (58.2% vs. 51.4%; P = 0.1620).
Conclusion: This study found a changing pattern in the Candida species causing bloodstream infections and an epidemiological shift toward more non-albicans Candida species in Saudi Arabia.
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